Vídeo | What happens to your brain without any social contact?
O isolamento forçado, como a solitária nas prisões, ultrapassa a simples privação de liberdade: ele remodela a mente e o corpo de maneiras devastadoras. Privados de interações sociais e atividades significativas, as pessoas enfrentam sintomas que vão de aumento do estresse a alterações cerebrais que enfraquecem o raciocínio e reforçam impulsos emocionais. Esses efeitos deixam marcas profundas, tornando a readaptação pós-isolamento uma tarefa monumental. Embora práticas mais humanas, como as adotadas na Noruega, demonstrem ser mais eficazes na reabilitação e redução da reincidência, em países como os EUA, a prática da solitária persiste, afetando milhares de prisioneiros e levantando questões cruciais sobre direitos humanos e o propósito da punição.
| Audio | |
|---|---|
Normal | Slow |
| English Transcript | Tradução |
| Compensation for the Wet Book | A Indenização Pelo Livro Molhado |
| When Abraham Lincoln was a young man in Indiana, battling poverty and a lack of formal educational opportunities, every book he managed to read was an invaluable treasure. A personal library was an unknown luxury in his humble home, and he eagerly sought out any reading material he could find. | Quando Abraham Lincoln era um jovem em Indiana, lutando contra a pobreza e a falta de oportunidades educacionais formais, cada livro que ele conseguia ler era um tesouro inestimável. A biblioteca pessoal era um luxo desconhecido em seu lar humilde, e ele buscava avidamente qualquer material de leitura que pudesse encontrar. |
| One time, he managed to borrow a precious and much-desired book from Mr. Josiah Crawford, a neighboring farmer. The book was a biography of George Washington, possibly the same one that deeply influenced his view of leadership and virtue. Lincoln was ecstatic with the opportunity to read the work and, as usual, devoted himself to reading with fervor, perusing each page by the firelight or whenever he found a free moment after hard work on the farm. | Certa vez, ele conseguiu emprestar um livro precioso e muito desejado do Sr. Josiah Crawford, um fazendeiro vizinho. O livro era uma biografia de George Washington, possivelmente o mesmo que influenciou profundamente sua visão de liderança e virtude. Lincoln estava extasiado com a oportunidade de ler a obra e, como de costume, dedicou-se à leitura com fervor, lendo cada página sob a luz da fogueira ou sempre que encontrava um momento livre após o trabalho árduo na fazenda. |
| One night, he fell asleep with the book near the straw bed where he slept, in the cabin's loft. During the night, a sudden and violent storm erupted. The rain, driven by the wind, found a crack in the cabin's rudimentary walls and drenched the book that Lincoln so carefully cherished. In the morning, upon waking, he found the pages wrinkled and stained by the water, a sight that deeply saddened him and filled him with apprehension. | Uma noite, ele adormeceu com o livro perto da cama de palha onde dormia, no loft da cabana. Durante a noite, uma tempestade repentina e violenta irrompeu. A chuva, impulsionada pelo vento, encontrou uma fresta nas rudimentares paredes da cabana e encharcou o livro que Lincoln guardava com tanto carinho. Pela manhã, ao acordar, ele se deparou com as páginas enrugadas e manchadas pela água, uma visão que o entristeceu profundamente e o encheu de apreensão. |
| For many, in his situation, the temptation to hide the incident, or simply to return the damaged book without saying anything, might have been strong. After all, it was an accident, and he himself had no resources to compensate for the damage. However, Lincoln's sense of righteousness was non-negotiable. He knew he had been responsible for the book and that he needed to compensate Mr. Crawford for the damage. | Para muitos, em sua situação, a tentação de esconder o incidente, ou simplesmente de devolver o livro danificado sem dizer nada, poderia ser forte. Afinal, era um acidente, e ele próprio não tinha recursos para compensar o prejuízo. No entanto, o senso de retidão de Lincoln era inegociável. Ele sabia que havia sido responsável pelo livro e que precisava compensar o Sr. Crawford pelo dano. |
| With a heavy heart, Lincoln went to the neighbor's house. He honestly explained what had happened, describing the storm and how the book was accidentally wet and damaged. Mr. Crawford, who knew the young man's honesty, was surprised by his frankness. Instead of asking for money, the farmer proposed a solution: Lincoln should work for him for a few days to pay for the book. | Com o coração pesado, Lincoln foi até a casa do vizinho. Ele explicou honestamente o que havia acontecido, descrevendo a tempestade e como o livro foi acidentalmente molhado e danificado. O Sr. Crawford, que conhecia a honestidade do jovem, ficou surpreso com sua franqueza. Em vez de pedir dinheiro, o fazendeiro propôs uma solução: Lincoln deveria trabalhar para ele por alguns dias para pagar pelo livro. |
| Without hesitation, Lincoln agreed. He spent several days on Crawford's farm, working diligently, "pulling corn," as he himself described it, until he felt he had fully paid for the value of the damaged book. He not only compensated Mr. Crawford but also earned the book for himself, which he kept and valued even more because of the work he dedicated to obtaining it. | Sem hesitação, Lincoln concordou. Ele passou vários dias na fazenda de Crawford, trabalhando arduamente, "puxando milho", como ele mesmo descreveu, até sentir que havia pago integralmente pelo valor do livro danificado. Ele não apenas compensou o Sr. Crawford, mas também ganhou o livro para si, que ele guardou e valorizou ainda mais por causa do trabalho que dedicou para obtê-lo. |
| This story, though simple, reveals Lincoln's deep commitment to honesty and personal responsibility from a young age. No matter how insignificant or accidental the damage, he felt compelled to make amends, further solidifying his reputation as "Honest Abe" – a man of impeccable integrity, whose actions always spoke louder than words. | Essa história, embora simples, revela o profundo compromisso de Lincoln com a honestidade e a responsabilidade pessoal desde tenra idade. Não importa o quão insignificante ou acidental o dano, ele se sentia obrigado a retribuir, solidificando ainda mais sua reputação de "Honest Abe" – um homem de integridade impecável, cujas ações sempre falavam mais alto que as palavras. |
Contagem de palavras
A tabela abaixo exibe as palavras encontradas neste vídeo, bem como o número de vezes em que aparecem.
Veja também: Para que serve esta tabela?
| Freq. | Palavra | Freq. | Palavra | Freq. | Palavra |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36 | and | 25 | the | 21 | to |
| 16 | of | 12 | solitary | 12 | in |
| 12 | confinement | 9 | have | 9 | for |
| 8 | more | 6 | us | 6 | that |
| 6 | stress | 6 | prison | 6 | people |
| 6 | one | 6 | may | 6 | is |
| 6 | can | 6 | but | 6 | as |
| 5 | they | 5 | their | 5 | or |
| 5 | it | 5 | also | 4 | when |
| 4 | time | 4 | this | 4 | on |
| 4 | many | 4 | are | 4 | a |
| 3 | with | 3 | times | 3 | than |
| 3 | someone | 3 | some | 3 | likely |
| 3 | everyone | 3 | effects | 3 | different |
| 3 | become | 2 | yet | 2 | will |
| 2 | who | 2 | while | 2 | which |
| 2 | what | 2 | we | 2 | violence |
| 2 | use | 2 | united | 2 | torture |
| 2 | tend | 2 | tasks | 2 | take |
| 2 | states | 2 | spending | 2 | social |
| 2 | so | 2 | shifts | 2 | sense |
| 2 | s | 2 | release | 2 | reality |
| 2 | rational | 2 | prolonged | 2 | prisons |
| 2 | practice | 2 | per | 2 | other |
| 2 | only | 2 | norway | 2 | mental |
| 2 | meanwhile | 2 | lose | 2 | laws |
| 2 | isolation | 2 | health | 2 | grew |
| 2 | from | 2 | forced | 2 | fewer |
| 2 | far | 2 | experience | 2 | day |
| 2 | countries | 2 | by | 2 | brain |
| 2 | body | 2 | becomes | 2 | because |
| 2 | be | 2 | authorities | 2 | at |
| 2 | anxiety | 2 | an | 2 | alone |
| 1 | you | 1 | years | 1 | writing |
| 1 | worse | 1 | world | 1 | work |
| 1 | without | 1 | windowless | 1 | why |
| 1 | where | 1 | weight | 1 | weeks |
| 1 | way | 1 | ve | 1 | used |
| 1 | upon | 1 | up | 1 | undergo |
| 1 | under | 1 | traumatic | 1 | towards |
| 1 | tough | 1 | together | 1 | through |
| 1 | three | 1 | threatened | 1 | thoughts |
| 1 | though | 1 | those | 1 | thinking |
| 1 | then | 1 | themselves | 1 | them |
| 1 | testing | 1 | talking | 1 | takes |
| 1 | system | 1 | symptoms | 1 | surprisingly |
| 1 | supreme | 1 | suicidal | 1 | state |
| 1 | stage | 1 | stability | 1 | spiral |
| 1 | spike | 1 | spanning | 1 | space |
| 1 | sounding | 1 | sort | 1 | something |
| 1 | solitude | 1 | sleeping | 1 | skyrocketed |
| 1 | six | 1 | situations | 1 | signs |
| 1 | shrink | 1 | show | 1 | severe |
| 1 | setting | 1 | serious | 1 | sees |
| 1 | seems | 1 | routine | 1 | roughly |
| 1 | robust | 1 | rights | 1 | return |
| 1 | restrictive | 1 | restricted | 1 | responsive |
| 1 | researchers | 1 | report | 1 | remains |
| 1 | relieving | 1 | reins | 1 | rehabilitation |
| 1 | regulates | 1 | regulate | 1 | reflection |
| 1 | reduce | 1 | recidivism | 1 | rebellions |
| 1 | reasoning | 1 | readjusting | 1 | reading |
| 1 | rates | 1 | rage | 1 | quickly |
| 1 | quaker | 1 | punitive | 1 | punishment |
| 1 | public | 1 | provide | 1 | protests |
| 1 | prone | 1 | programs | 1 | productive |
| 1 | prisoners | 1 | prisoner | 1 | pregnancy |
| 1 | prefrontal | 1 | pre | 1 | post |
| 1 | possible | 1 | populations | 1 | poor |
| 1 | placed | 1 | personalities | 1 | person |
| 1 | persistent | 1 | perceptions | 1 | penitentiary |
| 1 | penitence | 1 | peaceful | 1 | passes |
| 1 | parts | 1 | paranoia | 1 | palpitations |
| 1 | overall | 1 | over | 1 | outside |
| 1 | our | 1 | otherwise | 1 | others |
| 1 | organizations | 1 | ordinary | 1 | obsessions |
| 1 | numerous | 1 | nonviolent | 1 | nine |
| 1 | needs | 1 | nations | 1 | much |
| 1 | mostly | 1 | most | 1 | moral |
| 1 | months | 1 | minor | 1 | memory |
| 1 | meaningful | 1 | making | 1 | make |
| 1 | maintain | 1 | lowest | 1 | loopholes |
| 1 | look | 1 | longer | 1 | lived |
| 1 | limits | 1 | limbic | 1 | like |
| 1 | life | 1 | let | 1 | late |
| 1 | lasting | 1 | kinds | 1 | kind |
| 1 | judgment | 1 | its | 1 | issues |
| 1 | isolated | 1 | irrational | 1 | involving |
| 1 | involuntarily | 1 | introduced | 1 | interactions |
| 1 | ingrained | 1 | infractions | 1 | induced |
| 1 | indicating | 1 | indefinitely | 1 | increasingly |
| 1 | increased | 1 | including | 1 | incidences |
| 1 | impulses | 1 | imprisons | 1 | imprisoned |
| 1 | impairing | 1 | immense | 1 | imbalance |
| 1 | illness | 1 | identity | 1 | ideation |
| 1 | hypersensitivity | 1 | hyperactive | 1 | humane |
| 1 | human | 1 | hub | 1 | how |
| 1 | housing | 1 | hours | 1 | hormones |
| 1 | hence | 1 | heart | 1 | healthiest |
| 1 | headaches | 1 | has | 1 | harmful |
| 1 | happen | 1 | hallucinations | 1 | guards |
| 1 | groups | 1 | gone | 1 | get |
| 1 | gauge | 1 | focus | 1 | five |
| 1 | figures | 1 | feet | 1 | fear |
| 1 | failing | 1 | faced | 1 | extreme |
| 1 | extensive | 1 | experts | 1 | experiencing |
| 1 | experienced | 1 | existing | 1 | exercise |
| 1 | example | 1 | exacerbates | 1 | even |
| 1 | establishing | 1 | essential | 1 | especially |
| 1 | entirely | 1 | enforced | 1 | endure |
| 1 | emotionality | 1 | emotional | 1 | early |
| 1 | dwindled | 1 | does | 1 | do |
| 1 | dizziness | 1 | distinct | 1 | disorders |
| 1 | disorder | 1 | dimension | 1 | digestive |
| 1 | difficulty | 1 | difficulties | 1 | difficult |
| 1 | dickens | 1 | deprived | 1 | depression |
| 1 | delusions | 1 | days | 1 | damage |
| 1 | crowded | 1 | criticism | 1 | crime |
| 1 | creeps | 1 | created | 1 | court |
| 1 | could | 1 | cortex | 1 | corporal |
| 1 | cope | 1 | control | 1 | contrary |
| 1 | connecting | 1 | confined | 1 | condemned |
| 1 | concentrating | 1 | communication | 1 | commonly |
| 1 | common | 1 | cognition | 1 | classify |
| 1 | classes | 1 | circumstances | 1 | chronic |
| 1 | children | 1 | charles | 1 | changes |
| 1 | centered | 1 | cells | 1 | cell |
| 1 | cause | 1 | cases | 1 | case |
| 1 | capita | 1 | called | 1 | call |
| 1 | bring | 1 | bouts | 1 | board |
| 1 | better | 1 | benefits | 1 | believing |
| 1 | being | 1 | been | 1 | balance |
| 1 | back | 1 | attempt | 1 | aren |
| 1 | approaches | 1 | appetite | 1 | any |
| 1 | always | 1 | alternative | 1 | alongside |
| 1 | all | 1 | agitation | 1 | after |
| 1 | affect | 1 | adopted | 1 | activities |
| 1 | actions | 1 | accommodations | 1 | about |
